วันอาทิตย์ที่ 18 ตุลาคม พ.ศ. 2552

History of Hawaii

Hawaii was first settled by Polynesian people. The process by which this happened is still the subject of debate among archaeologists, with some favoring a theory of a continuous migration and others prefer a theory that two separate waves of migration.

It is not certain when the Europeans first visited the islands, but it is possible that the Spanish discovered the islands in the 16th Century may have reached. When the British navigator Captain James Cookencountered the islands in 1778, he was surprised to find her, and called them the Sandwich Islands after the First Lord of the Admiralty, the 4th Earl of Sandwich, John Montagu.

Hawaii was under a single ruler, Kamehameha I united for the first time in 1810. Until 1816, when the chiefs of the islands under British protection, and flew the Union Jack. Hawaii, then adopted a flag similar to the present Hawaii State (flag with the Union Jack in the canton of the top cornernearest the flagpole) and eight horizontal stripes, the eight islands. In 1820, missionaries arrived from New England Congregationalist group. First, the leaders gradually transformed, and later the bourgeoisie of Protestant Christianity.

In the 1870s, Hawaii, gradually approaching the United States. A 1874 treaty granted Americans classification of exclusive rights. Reciprocity Treaty in 1876 allows for duty free importation of Hawaiian sugar and rice grown in theUnited States. Following these agreements, the Hawaiian landscape was greatly changed by the irrigation requirements of the new sugar cane plantations. Additionally, an influx of immigrants from Asia (China and Japanese) initially was later promoted to work the plantations.

In the 19th Century, there were several periods of instability. This culiminated in the Hawaiian Revolution of 1893, when the queen was overthrown, with the wrongful participation (after the then U.S. --President Grover Cleveland), the U.S. diplomatic and military representatives. Grover Cleveland, however, was successful in his experiments, the Queen again, and finally took the plunge and legitimacy of the new government of the Republic of Hawaii. In 1896, William McKinley was president, and two years later, he signed the Newlands Resolution, the Hawaii to the United States annexed.

After the annexation of Pearl Harbor was (and is) an importantU.S. Marine base. The empire of the Japanese attack on this basis, 7 December 1941 was the catalyst for the U.S. entry into World War II. The Japanese attack caused severe damage to the U.S. fleet, including the sinking of nine ships, including four battleships.

In 1935 and 1937 US-advised Congress on whether Hawaii should be a state in the U.S. are. However, southern states resisted the admission of non-white majority area, and the question was put on hold. In 1950,Hawaii began a new campaign for statehood by the question of their voices. In 1959, the goal of statehood, finally reached, and Hawaii was than 50 State of the Union on 21 August allowed.



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