Five Reasons to Visit Melbourne in Australia

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Making Picture Frames With DIY Framing Tools

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Imagine being able to frame your own photographs, prints, tapestries, and artwork as well as a professional. Picture framing is actually quite fun and easy to DIY. There are 5 easy steps to framing.

Step 1 - How to Cut Mats

Adding a colour border (the mat) around your artwork enhances the picture and provides a restful area between the image and the picture frame. The colour and size of the mat board must be decided first, as this will determine the overall dimensions of your picture frame. You start by calculating the external size of the mat.

To cut the mat use a good quality bevel mat cutter and ruler. There are several cutting systems to suit various budgets and skill levels, including the Mat Master Model 660 for the hobbyists, to the Mat Master 860B or 1060B for the keen home picture framer.

Mark the borders to be cut on the back of the mat board.

Make sure the mat will cover the edges of the artwork, by subtracting approx. 3mm or 1/8" from the image size (length & width). Cut the mat following the instructions for your mat cutter. Attach the picture to the mat using 2 small pieces of acid free tape on the top edge only.

Step 2 - How to Cut the Picture Frame

How much picture frame moulding material will I need? Carefully measure the picture and mat you wish to frame. Add an extra (3mm) for "play" to ensure the picture fits easily into the finished picture frame.

Add the length (L) and width (W) together, then multiply the total by 2 to give you the overall length. You also have to allow for the mitre cuts, so multiply the width (W2) of the moulding by 10 and add this to your total.

(L + W) x 2 + (W2 x 10) = TOTAL

Making the 45 degree mitre cut in your framing material is most important - your joining will only be as good as your cutting. Always use a good quality manual Mitre Saw... we recommend the Proman hand saw which is made in Sweden as the best on the market. Electric powered Drop Saws are not ideal for cutting small delicate picture frames.

Good Measure System helps to make measuring easy and eliminates many mistakes. Once you have cut the first mitre, slide the picture frame material along to the required length on the measuring scale, and set the stop. You are now ready to cut the first 2 pieces of your picture frame. Change the settings to cut the other 2 sides of the frame.

Cutting one side for a frame is easy.

Cutting the second side to be be the same as the first, is the hard part. With the FrameCo Ezy-Measure System you can cut accurately everytime.

Step 3 - How to Clamp Frames

How do you Clamp the Frame? Clamping the frame tightly is essential for good joining. You can use the a Cord Clamp, or the Steel Strap Clamp to secure the picture frame ready for joining.

The advantage of the Strap Clamp is that you can see all the four corners of the picture frame clamped together before joining. So alignment of the corners is easy.

All corners should match up evenly. Apply a little wood glue to all corners of the frame for added strength. Carefully tension the clamp making sure that the corners are aligned then secure the clamp tightly.

You are now ready for joining.

Step 4 - How to Join Frames

Most picture frames are joined with a V-Nail. This is the easiest method and it is what the professional picture framer uses. The FrameCo PushMaster joining tool, inserts V-Nails into the corner of the frame. Two V-Nails in each corner is usually all that is necessary.

The PushMaster can be used by hand alone on most picture frames, or you can tap the PushMaster with a mallet if the frame is hardwood. The PushMaster can be upgraded to the BenchMaster® which will insert V-Nails into the harderst of timbers.

V-nails: How do they work?

Upon entry, the sides of the V-Nail are deflected outwards. As it pulls back into its original shape, the join is pulled together. The little curl on the edge of the V-Nail locks the nail into the grain of the timber. Glue alone is not sufficient for strong stable joints, by adding a V-Nail you achieve a strong, tight joint. Which V-Nail size . . . You use a V-Nail about 1/2 the frame height.

Sizes are: 7mm - 1/4", 10mm - 3/8", 12mm - 1/2", 15mm - 5/8"

Step 5 - How to Finish Frames

Take the empty picture frame to a glass merchant and have them cut a piece of glass for you. If you wish to cut glass yourself use a good quality oil filled cutter, or the Glass Cutter. Use only 2mm plain or non-reflective glass.

Fome Core is the ideal backing board as it is light weight, acid free and easy to cut. You can also use 3mm MDF or cardboard. Place the empty frame face down and insert the glass, then the matted picture and lastly the backing board.

Use the PushMaster to insert brads or flexipoints into the rear of your picture frame to hold everything in place.

Use Backing Nails for large frames or heavy items. Flexipoints are flexible and ideal for needlework or when you want to re move the picture, eg. photo frames.

To seal the artwork in the frame, tape over the brads/flexipoints using a good quality backing tape. This will prevent dust or insects getting into the picture.

To hang your picture, again use your PushMaster tool. Measure one third down the side of the picture frame from the top and mark that spot. Place a screw eye into the slot provided in the end of the Pushmaster tool, then screw the eye into the frame. Repeat on the other side and then attach wire from one side to the other.

You have now completed your picture framing project. More information about how to make picture frames can be viewed at http://www.clubframeco.com/5_steps_Introduction.html

FrameCo Framing Supplies designs and manufactures diy picture framing tools and export to many countries. We also supply picture frames conduct framing classes.

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Michael Jackson in Norway 1992

This is a clip from 1992, when MJ first visited Oslo.

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Tennis - Understanding the Rules and Scoring System of the Game

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Working as a tennis coach I had the privilege of teaching many beginners the rules and scoring of the game of tennis. However, as a beginner myself many year ago, I benefited from the instruction of a very well-qualified coach at the National Tennis Center in Melbourne, (the venue for the annual Australian Open Tennis Tournament).

This is what she taught me. To begin with one should thoroughly familiarize themselves with the dimensions of a tennis court; knowledge of the exact dimensions is not a crucial requirement but it is a good idea to get a feel for the playing area that you will be using.

A tennis court is set out essentially for the playing of two different games, that being singles and doubles. The easy way to differentiate the different playing area is to remember that the tramlines, the strips of tennis court on either side of the main playing area, are only ever used when one is playing the game of doubles. Occasionally one sees a tennis court where the tramlines are absent, such as in specialized exhibition courts; if you've ever seen one you'll be familiar with the exact dimensions of a singles court.

Whether one is playing singles, two players, or doubles, four players - two on either side of the court, there are a few important things to remember before a racquet is even picked up and play starts.

To begin with find the center mark along the baseline of the court. This is where the serving action begins. The opponent or opponents on the other side of the court are advised to stand back behind the halfway line of the court in order to return serve. In doubles, the exception to this rule is when you are not receiving serve and will then take up a position near the net in order to volley any balls.

When serving the player stands to the right of the center line and begins the service action so the ball is delivered to the left hand forward box on the other side of the net. When the point is completed the server moves to the left of the center line and serves to the right forward box on the other side of the net.

A point is played out until: (a) the ball is hit out of bounds, outside the lines, (b) the server serves two faults, that is two invalid serves or (c) the ball is missed by one player and bounces twice without retrieval.

The scoring of tennis employs a unique system. The first point scored is called as 15, being either 15-0 (fifteen love) where the server or serving team wins the point, or 0-15 (love fifteen) if the opponent wins the point. The second point will be announced as 15-15 if the receiver or receiving team wins or 30-0 if the server wins the first two points. This pattern continues until either one player or team wins four points then a game is called.

If the score gets to 40-40 where both team has won four points a 'deuce' is called by the umpire (or whoever happens to be scoring). When this happens play continues as normal until one side wins two points in a row; when this happens a 'game' is won. The next point after the deuce will be announced as 'advantage' to the winning side. If the opponent wins the next point then the score will go back to deuce and play continues.

Tennis is played in sets, either three or five depending on the type of match. Five sets are usually only used for men's singles matches and three sets for women's and doubles matches. The exception to this rule is played at the Virginia Slim's Championships, the season ending tournament for women on the professional tennis circuit; here the final is played over five grueling sets.

Back to scoring, in a set the score continues until one side wins six games and therefore wins the set. The exception to this rule is when the scoring reaches five games all (5-5); if this happens the first side to reach seven games to five (7-5) will win the set. If the play reaches six games all (6-6) then a 'tie-breaker' is played. The first side to reach seven points with a lead of two will be announced as the winner of the set. Players change ends after every six points. If the tie-breaker score reaches six all (6-6) then play continues until one side wins by a margin of two points.

In a three set game the winner is whoever wins two sets first. In a five set game then the winner is the first to three sets. The exception is when each side wins a set in a three set game or two sets each in a five set game. Then an 'advantage' set is played where the player who reaches six games wins or whoever can win by two games after five all (5-5) is declared.

An advantage set is not always played at club level as it can extend a match for a very long time. At the club level, a tie-break set is often scored to break the deadlock and provide a winner.

Tennis is a great sport for players of all standards and even though the rules and scoring can seem complicated at first, the beginner will soon pick up the finer points and enjoy the course of play.

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What is ASEAN?

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ASEAN is the acronym of "Association of Southeast Asian Nations," an Inter-Governmental Organization (IGO), which was formed August 8, 1967, after signing the ASEAN Declaration (also commonly known as Bangkok Declaration), in the Thai Department of Foreign Affairs in Bangkok. The Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and Singapore were the instigators of ASEAN's existence.

The very first goal of ASEAN was to form as solidarity to prevent domino effect of Vietnam's communism into the region. Despite combating communism was the very legitimacy for ASEAN's existence, regional economic cooperation and social and cultural development were latter admitted as the ASEAN's agendas. ASEAN's present secretariat-general is in Jakarta, Indonesia.

ASEAN's Activities

ASEAN solves its regional problems via the Summit between government representatives, commonly Ministers of specified sectors. The Summit is held in every three years and the Summit venue is intercepted in alphabetical order; unfortunately Myanmar; as its alphabetical order was reached, was refused to be the host state, due to the fact of detaining the opposition leader: Aug San Suu Kyi in house-arrest. Since its creation, ASEAN summits have been held in Phnom Penh: the Capital of Cambodia, Bali, Singapore. However, annual meeting is solemnized to settle the regional urgent problem.

The formal summit lasts for three days, with the usual itinerary as follow:

- ASEAN leaders hold an internal organizing meeting;

- ASEAN leaders hold a conference together with foreign ministers of the ASEAN Regional Forum (Please refer to ASEAN Regional Forum below);

- Leaders of three ASEAN Dialogue Partners, namely China, Japan and South Korea, hold a meeting with the ASEAN leaders; and

- A separate meeting is set for leaders of two ASEAN Dialogue Partners, namely Australia and New Zealand.

Not only the summit (formal meeting), ASEAN is also subject to informal meeting in each of two years between the formal meeting.

ASEAN's External Relations

Constituted mostly of the world's Least Developed Countries (LDC), ASEAN can not single-mindedly strive within its region to meet its goals. This means that ASEAN has partnered with other individual countries and legal entities around the world to accelerate its goals.

ASEAN-Russia Summit

The ASEAN leaders formally meet the President of Russia to gain momentum to its purposes.

East Asia Summit

The East Asia Summit (EAS) is a pan-Asia annual forum between the leaders of 16 countries in East Asia and the region, and the ASEAN enjoys the leadership position.

Asia-Europe Meeting

The Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) is an informal dialogue, getting the EU (European Union) and the three ASEAN Dialogue Partners: China, Japan and South Korea together.

ASEAN Regional Forum

The ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) is an informal multilateral dialogue of 25 members that seeks to address security issues in the Asia-Pacific region.

ASEAN Free Trade Area

The ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) is an agreement by the member nations of ASEAN concerning local manufacturing in all ASEAN countries.

Vicheka Lay is the Translator and Legal Information Officer for DFDL Mekong Law Group, Freelance Translator for Asian Human Rights Commission, Hong Kong, and LL.M Candidate. He is also a member of the Legal Writing Institute, a legal professional institution, based in the United States of America.

Any question about Cambodian laws, business, politics, and state of affairs? Email me: vicheka@mail.lawguru.com

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Gavin DeGraw - Band Intro & Cop Stop (NO)

Ho'Down 2006 - Europeans Do It Better! Gavin degraw live from Oslo, Norway on august 10th 2006 introducing his Band and playing Cop Stop.

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Will Being a Guarantor to a Bad Debt Affect My Home Loan Application?

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To be a guarantor of a loan means that if the person you are guaranteeing does not pay his debts promptly, you become responsible. Very often, people need a guarantor at some point of their lives. This is especially so if your friend or relative is applying for an unsecured line of credit.

The question now is, can a bad debt that you are guaranteeing, affect your application for your own housing loan. The answer is a resounding "YES". You must realize that by helping out your relative and friend as a guarantor, it may have nasty consequences on your own credit rating, if he defaults on the loan.

Lets say your friend or relative is late in their monthly payment, the same rating is stated in your credit report. It is therefore very important to know who are you guaranteeing for, and are you willing to help him out financially for a few months if he cannot make the payments. That is a very important question to ponder about when someone asks you to be the guarantor.

It does not matter when you tell the bank that it is not your debt. It may not be, but it is still your obligation to see that the payments are on time. While you co sign, it is important to know that at this point of time, your credit rating is at the mercy of the person that you have decided to help.

When he defaults, it can really screw up that housing loan application and prevents you from buying that dream house. Remember, take great care in deciding who to guarantee for, as it has severe consequences for your own credit.

Zeng Han Jun is the Business Financial Manager of Chan & Partners Consulting Group. He actively contributes articles about business and finance on a weekly basis, so as to share his knowledge with the financial consumers. He specializes in mortgage advisory and business brokering services in Singapore. He has been directly involved and plays a crucial role in marketing and sales of businesses in CPCG. He also provides advice on various kinds of mortgages and construction financing for private individuals.

This article from CPCG is currently being protected by Singapore and International Copyright Laws. However please feel free to republish this article, provided that you include working links to our website: http://www.cpcgonline.com/ and http://www.cpcgonline.blogspot.com/ - We appreciate your kind gesture. For any enquiries, please email us at enquiries@cpcgonline.com

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